Survey for hearing loss in El Minia governorate

Hearing impairment has a significant impact on societies; Egypt is not excluded. Moreover, there is no database about the magnitude and distribution of the problems. Our study was started by survey was a household survey, which targeted the El Minia Governorate populations in its different Districts. El minia population is around 3,670389. The sample was chosen based on the multistage stratified clustering technique. The screening was done by the impedance Tympanometery studying the middle ear function and the otoacoustic emission [OAEI as a first phase for the hearing function integrity. Those who failed the screening were then tested by formal conventional pure tone audiometery [PTA] and auditory brainstem response audiometery [ABRI in children below 4 years as a second phase. Results showed that failure rate [hearing loss] in the first phase was 17.06% of the tested sample. The second phase hearing loss was 13.79%

Changes in otoacoustic emissions by inducation dose of propofol

The effects of propofol on distortion product otoacoustic emission [DPOAE] recordings were evaluated and compared in the awake and anaesthetized state in a group of twenty ASA I patients undergoing elective surgery of the nose, paranasal sinuses or soft tissue of the neck and throat. We report a statistically non-significant reduction [P> 0.05] in the amplitudes of DPOAEs across all frequency bands following induction doses of propofol. The greatest reduction occurred in the 2 kHz region, where the DPOAE amplitudes were significantly positively correlated with the diastolic blood pressure [r=0.955, P < 0.05]. Our data support the hypothesis that anaesthetic agents produce a frequency-specific attenuation of the DPOAE amplitude and strongly suggest that DPOAE amplitude changes depend not only on the anaesthetic agents pharmacological properties, but on the induced haemodynamic changes as well

Assessment of the family caregiver in hearing loss among preschool children

The objectives of this study were to assess knowledge, opinion, and practice of caregivers regarding preschool hearing impaired children. Total [100] caregivers with their children were selected under certain criteria from the outpatient clinic of Embaba Hearing and Speech institute during the year 2004. The inclusion criteria included: [a] age: 2-5 years [b] degree of hearing loss [mild, moderate, sever loss]. Mentally retarded children were excluded form the study. Three tools were designed to collect the required data. First; a questionnaire sheet was used to collect information about demographic characteristics of children and their caregivers, personal and family history, and caregivers knowledge. It included also, the reported practice of the caregivers. Second; A-31evel scale was used to measure caregivers opinion. Third; an observation checklist was used to assess the interaction between family caregivers and the child. The study revealed that only 7% of caregivers had satisfactory knowledge, [46%] had favorable opinions and the majority [84%] had satisfactory practice toward children with hearing impairment. Around two third of children [65.0%] had history of otitis media. Most of the cases were discovered before the first and second years of life [37.0% and 40.0% respectively]. One-hundred percent [100%] were treated by the hearing aids fitting. Furthermore, the study showed significant re-lationship between care-givers' opinion and residence [p=0.01] and consanguinity [p = 0.04]. the study recommended increasing care-givers awareness regarding early detection and care of children with hearing impairment

Incidence of some congenital malformations [preauricular fistula, protruding ears, microtia, and harelip with cleft palate] in primary school children

Congenital malformations lead to physiological and psychological disability. Early identification help in early intervention and management. This study was conducted on 3916 schoolchild in the period from may 2001 to may 2002 aged between 5-12 years, of both sexes. The aims of this study were: 1] Screening of some congenital malformation such as [preauricular fistula, protruding ears, microtia, and harelip with cleft palate]. 2] Effect of living area and gender in the prevalence of some congenital malformations. The results of its study show that prearicular fistulas was more in rural [0.24%] than urban areas [0.11%] and more in males [5 cases] than females [2 cases]. This study found that the incidence of microtia was [0.05%] only "i" child with unilateral microtia in rural area. Also 1 male child in rural area suffering from harelip with cleft palate. The incidence of protruding ears was more in urban area [6 children 0.33%] than rural area [5 children 0.24%] but with more male affection [8 cases] than female [3] cases. C.T. scan was done to all cases with congenital malformations showing normal middle ear and inner ear structures

Clinical study of continuous interleaved sampler and simultaneous analog stimulation in cochlear implant patients

This study included 15 consequently implanted, postlingually deafened adults. Fifteen patients were initially programmed and tested with both CIS and SAS. All patients were fitted by clarion cochlear implant and stimulated by enhanced bipolar configuration simultaneous analog stimulation [SAS] strategy and continuous interleaved sampler [CIS] strategy. The CIS strategy offered an output-sampling rate of 6.500 pulses per second. The SAS strategy offered a currently implements with an overall rate 104.000 samples per second. Post implant tests included monosyllabic words and sentences in quiet and in noise using digitally recorded speech test. It was concluded that the availability of both ASA and CIS speech processing strategies offers a greater opportunity for achieving improved patient performance and increases the overall benefit

Assessment of mild head trauma on postural stability in young athletes

This study aimed to examine the effects of MHI by an objective method and determine their usefulness in MHI assessments. Fifteen young athletes suffering from mild head trauma were included in this study. Postural stability assessments were measured through the use of sensory organization test [SOT]. It was revealed that the effect of MHI on postural stability persisted longer than one day post injury and balance deficits may be present in the absence of other post- concussion symptoms

Elevated concentration of s-ICAM-1 and s-VCAM-1 in IDDM patients with hearingloss

This study was carried out on IDDM patients classified into group I and group II according to the absence or presence of impairment of hearing, respectively. Impairment of hearing was determined by using pure tone audiometry [PTA], distortion product otoacoustic emissions [DPOAE] and brain stem evoked response audiometer [ABR]. The selection of cases, the idea of the study, interpretation of data and comments were presented. It was concluded that soluble VCAM- 1 and s- ICAM-1 were positively associated with the risk for hearing loss in IDDM patients. Soluble VCAM-1 and sICAM-1 may be useful indicators of hearing loss in IDDM patients